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The Laws Explained

By Richard Grenside

 

Exploring the Laws

Chapter VIII

'The Score'

Law 77 'The Score'. the one law that one would expect all bridge players to know. I estimate that in a normal session of average play that 50% of all calls relate to either wrong scores on the traveller or a request for " What's the score for this contract", ranging from 1 to 7NT.

Law 78 is the reference point for the authority to permit all types of scoring methods including any method approved by the Sponsoring Organisation. Whilst most players recognise Matchpoints, IMP's and VP's in their standard usage, there are various hybrids of all three and it is worth knowing before you start what form of scoring is being used. No use playing pairs tactics if Butler scoring is in use and vice versa.

It is the duty of the Sponsoring Organisation to advise and/or publish any special conditions of contest including the determination of winners, breaking of ties and the method of scoring.

My first question to any organisation that employs me is " What is the objective of the tournament, how many winners do you want and if applicable, how many pairs/teams to the final?"

Law 79, 'Tricks Won', in addition to both agreement and disagreement on the number of tricks won, unless otherwise stated, this law is the reference point for correction periods for all laws that allow for a later time for correction or notification.

Law 79A requires that the number of tricks should be agreed on before the hands are returned to the board. Unfortunately, we do not live in a perfect world and most of the disagreement occur after the cards have been gathered up and on their way back to the pockets.

Law 79B looks at when there is a dispute and notes that ideally the Director needs to be called before the round ends to change any incorrect score. After that time, the law uses the words 'No increase in Score need be Granted', this infers that a decrease will apply, whilst any increase will be at the discretion of the Director. There is a very important reason for this condition, without undermining the integrity of the game, players in desperate situations could pressure a less experienced opponent into agreeing that a score was entered incorrectly thus improving the chances of a better result.

Returning for a moment to the heading of Law 79, 'Agreement on tricks won', players should be aware that with the advent of computer scoring, data imput is frequently entered by skilled operators with little or no knowledge of the game. It is therefore imperative that correct agreed scores be entered on the score slips as errors will seldom be picked up.

A bone of contention amongst Directors and Administrators is where the line of responsibility is drawn for the correction of either non-bridge scores or non tallying information. It is my contention that there is no direct requirement in law for the Director to check scores, however a requirement to establish a correct score under Law 81C6 is written, this requires rectification of errors to which he becomes aware of in any manner.

Law 79C allows for the correction of errors in either the computation or tabulation of the agreed upon score whether made by a player or scorer. Such correction time should be specified by the Sponsoring Organisation or is by default, 30 minutes after the official score has been posted.

Law strongly recommends this time period but recognises that because of a special nature that may be applicable, a lesser time may be necessary. To put this law into plain English, if you discover an error in the data entry or if a mistake has been made on the score slip, a correction can be made under normal circumstances after the session or up until a time as advised. In weekly club games this time may even extend for one week!



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Chapter VIII


The Score

LAW 77 - DUPLICATE BRIDGE SCORING TABLE TRICK SCORE

Scored by declarer's side if the contract is fulfilled.

IF TRUMPS ARE
For each trick bid & made  
Undoubled 20 20 30 30
Doubled 40 40 60 60
Redoubled 80 80 120 120

AT A NO TRUMP CONTRACT

  UNDOUBLED DOUBLED REDOUBLED
For first odd trick bid and made 40 80 160
For each additional odd trick 30 60 120


A trick score of 100 points or more, made on one board, is GAME.
A trick score of less than 100 points is a PARTSCORE.

PREMIUM SCORE
Scored by declarer's side
SLAMS

For making a slam Not Vulnerable Vulnerable
Small Slam (12 tricks) bid and made 500 750
Grand Slam (all 13 tricks) bid and made 1000 1500

OVERTRICKS

For each OVERTRICK(tricks made in excess of contract) Not Vulnerable Vulnerable
Undoubled Trick Value Trick Value
Doubled 100 200
Redoubled 200 400

PREMIUMS FOR GAME, PARTSCORE, FULFILLING CONTRACT

For making GAME vulnerable 500
For making GAME, not vulnerable 300
For making any PARTSCORE 50
For making any doubled, but not redoubled contract 50
For making any redoubled contract 100

UNDERTRICK PENALTIES
Scored by declarer's opponents if the contract is not fulfilled
UNDERTRICKS

Tricks by which declarer falls short of the contract

  Undbld Dbld Rdbld Undbld Dbld Rdbld
For first undertrick 50 100 200 100 200 400
For each additional undertrick 50 200 400 100 300 600
Bonus for the fourth and each subsequent undertrick 0 100 200 0 0 0


LAW 78 - METHODS OF SCORING

A. Matchpoint Scoring In matchpoint scoring each contestant is awarded, for scores made by different contestants who have played the same board and whose scores are compared with his, two scoring units (matchpoints or half matchpoints) for each score inferior to his, one scoring unit for each score equal to his, and zero scoring units for each score superior to his.
B. International Matchpoint Scoring In international matchpoint scoring, on each board the total point difference between the two scores compared is converted into IMPs according to the following scale.

Difference in points IMP's Difference in points

IMP's

Difference in points IMP's
20-40 1 370-420 9 1500-1740 17
50-80 2 430-490 10 1750-1990 18
90-120 3 500-590 11 2000-2240 19
130-160 4 600-740 12 2250-2490 20
170-210 5 750-890 13 2500-2990 21
220-260 6 900-1090 14 3000-3490 22
270-310 7 1100-1290 15 3500-3990 23
320-360 8 1300-1490 16 4000 & upward 24

C. Total Point Scoring In total point scoring, the net total point score of all boards played is the score for each contestant.
D. Special Scoring Methods Special scoring methods are permissible, if approved by the sponsoring organisation. In advance of any contest the sponsoring organisation should publish conditions of contest detailing conditions of entry, methods of scoring, determination of winners, breaking of ties, and the like.

LAW 79 - TRICKS WON

A. Agreement on Tricks Won The number of tricks won shall be agreed upon before all four hands have been returned to the board.
B. Disagreement on Tricks Won If a subsequent disagreement arises, the Director must be called. No increase in score need be granted unless the Director is called before the round ends as specified in Law 8 (but Law 69 or Law 71 may supersede this provision when there has been an acquiescence or a concession).
C. Error in Score An error in computing or tabulating the agreed-upon score, whether made by a player or scorer, may be corrected until the expiration of the period specified by the sponsoring organisation. Unless the sponsoring organisation specifies a later time, this correction period expires 30 minutes after the official score has been made available for inspection.